СӘЙКЕСТІЛІК БЕЛГІЛЕРІ (ТАҢБАЛАР) ЖӘНЕ ҚАЗАҚСТАНДАҒЫ ТАҢБА ПАЙДАЛАНУДЫҢ ЕСКЕРТКІШТЕРІ: КӨНЕ КЕЗЕҢІ, ОРТАҒАСЫРЛАР ЖӘНЕ ЖАҢА ЗАМАН
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52967/akz2019.3.5.99.121Түйін сөздер:
археология, Қазақстан, таңба, сәйкестілік белгілер, түрік дәуірі, Ашина, оғыздар, қазақтарАннотация (түйіндеме)
Мақалада нышандық бейнелермен, яғни таңбалармен байланысты Қазақстан ескерткіштерінің әртүрлі кезеңдегі топтамаларына сипаттама беріледі. Осы белгілері бар жылжымайтын және тасымалды ескерткіштердің типологиясы ұсынылады, сонымен қатар «таңба» және «таңба пайдалану» ұғымдарының анықтамалары енгізілген. Түрік кезеңі (VI – X ғ. басы) белгілерінің топтамасы қаралады. Олар көшпенділердің бетке ұстар билеушілерінің таңбалары мен туыс-тайпалық таңбалары ретінде бағаланады. Ерекше сәйкестілік белгілерді (таңбаларды) жеке топқа ғана қатысты құрал ретінде қолдануы қола дәуірінің басынан басталады, кейінгі көнелік заманында кең тарайды, ерте орта ғасырларда өркендейді, Жаңа дәуірде сақталынып, өзгертілген түрде бүгінгі күнге дейін жетеді. Таңба пайдалануы саяси және әлеуметтік бетке ұстарлардың бастамасы деп ұйғарылады. Олар бұл іс-тәжірибені бірлестік мүдделерін қорғау үшін енгізген және оны қоғамдық қарым-қатынастардың барлық деңгейінде қолдап отырған.
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