Horses from Early Turkic burials: based on the materials of the Samsy site
(Shu-Ile interfluve)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52967/akz2024.2.24.250.267Keywords:
archaeozoology, early Turkic burials, horses, catacombs, chamber in tombAbstract
The purpose of the work is an archaeozoological study of the remains of six horses from four mounds of the Samsy site (9th-10th century). The scientific novelty lies in the first studies of the morphological indicators of horses from the Early Turkic sites of Kazakhstan. Laboratory studies were carried out on the basis of generally accepted methods: morphological, biometric and paleopathological analysis of skeletons and their individual elements. Cuts of molars were also made to determine the season of death of horses. As the result, data were obtained that animals of different ages from 3 to 16 years old were used in the funeral rite. Five of the six individuals were stallions, the sex of the sixth skeleton has not been determined. The horses were shorter than average and average height and belonged to a group of different types of fine-footed. Burials were carried out in spring and autumn. Horses of the Samsy site are close to horses from the medieval cities of South Kazakhstan and Zhetysu in terms of their absolute size. Bones of sheep and dogs have been studied in addition to horses. Their withers height and age are determined. According to similar burials with a horse in the Shu-Ile interfluve, it turned out that the bulk of individuals here are oriented with their heads to the northern sector, while horses are oriented in the opposite (southern) direction.
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