The bone industry from Surungur site, Fergana Valley, Kyrgyzstan: collection of 2019
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52967/akz2022.4.18.97.115Keywords:
Central Asia, South Fergana, Neolithic, Surungur site, bone industry, traceological analysis, 3D modelling, ZooMS analysisAbstract
The results of a comprehensive analysis of the bone industry of the Surungur site (Kyrgyzstan) are presented. The subject of the study was a collection of artifacts obtained as a result of field work in 2019 from layer 2. Radiocarbon dating allows us to estimate the age of the complex in the range of 7.5–6.5 millennia cal. BP. There are four items in the collection – two awls, a fragment of an elongated point and a cylindrical piercing bead. A comprehensive method of studying products was applied, including photofixation, 3D modeling, archeozoological, traceological and ZooMS analyses, which allowed reconstructing manufacturing technologies, raw material preferences and features of the use of products. Ovicaprine bones – of sheep and goats, are evidenced to be used to make awls, which were shaped by planing and grinding. Traceological analysis has established that awls were used by the inhabitants of the site to process carefully tanned hides and leather, most likely – when sewing clothes. The piercing bead is made from the tubular bone of a large bird by cutting or sawing, followed by processing by planing and grinding. Completed piercing beads were used as wearable jewelry in compositions. The identified types of products find their analogues in the synchronous complexes of the Neolithic era of the Ferghana Valley, Pamir-Alai and Tien Shan.
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