Некоторые вопросы изучения памятников сяньбийской эпохи
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52967/akz2021.4.14.38.49Ключевые слова:
археология, письменные источники, Сяньби, хунну, археологические исследованияАннотация
Сяньби (кит. 鮮卑 (Шянбэй) сяньбэй) – полиэтническая общность, возникшая в нач. І тыс. н.э. на просторах Центральной Азии. В начале ІІ в. н.э. под натиском сяньбийцев распалась хуннская империя. После этих событий в Центральной Азии устанавливается политическое господство сяньби. Полиэтническая общность сяньбийцев сыграла значительную роль в древней истории Казахстана. Научных работ по истории сяньби на казахском языке чрезвычайно мало, что обусловило актуальность данной работы. История изучения сяньбийцев начинается с переводов древнекитайских текстов Н.Я. Бичуриным, Н.В. Кюнером и В.С. Таскиным. Впервые в научный оборот понятие «сяньбийский период» ввел Г.Е. Грумм-Гржимайло. На основе полученных археологических данных из Северного Китая, Монголии и Сибири ученые по-новому начали осмысливать историю сяньби. В Казахстане изучение археологических памятников сяньбийцев (рук. З. Самашев) проводится систематично начиная с 2016 г. роизведены антропологические и генетические исследования, а также радиоуглеродный анализ материалов. В результате чего были уточнены вопросы связанные с расселением сяньбийцев на территории современного Восточного Казахстана.
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